Shared management
When the EC adopts laws which are administered in the member states, this is often referred to as “shared management”.
Agricultural expenditure is defrayed through over hundreds of national offices throughout the EU.
The EU Court of Auditors, the EU Ombudsman and the European Parliament’s Committee on Budgetary Control do not have authority to scrutinise all expenditure, precisely because management is shared. Payments are made under national responsibility, but for the EU’s account.